Telegeaph



(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 1. C. L. BUGKINGHAM.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 544,345. Patented Aug. 13, 1895.

6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

0. L. 'BUGKINGHAM.

'- PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

Patented Aug. 13, 1895.

wwmaoaea 3 t e e h S w AV e h s 6 M H mm m m T G UN U .N M P C m d 0 M o W No. 544,345. Patented Aug. 13, 189 5.

I I l mllll -i m v .Q 7 Q snvmto c l/v vbweqoeo (No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

0. L. BUCKINGHAM. PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

'. Patented Aug. 13, 1895'.

(No ModeL) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5. G. L. BUOKINGHAM. PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 544,345. Patented Aug. 13, 1895.

6 Sheets-Shet s.

(No Model.) 7 4 C. L. BUGKINGHAM. PRINTING TELEGRAPH. No. 544,345. Patented Aug. 13, 1895.

wuemtoz wine/50% x UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES L. BUOKINGHAM, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 544,345, dated August 13, 1895.

Application filed April 16, 1894.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I,- CHARLES L. BUCKING- HAM, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Printing-Telegraph, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to type-printing machines; and is designed more particularly to adapt said machines for printing typographh cal characters in page form at high speed upon sheets of paper.

My improved printer, while adapted to the purposes of the ordinary type-writer, is especially useful as a telegraph-receiver, inasmuch as it is capable of reproducing messages in page form over a telegraph-wire at a rate equal to that of automatic transmission by the Wheatstone method. I Others have devised telegraph-receivers for printing messages in page form; but in all such machines their speed of operation has been so far limited by complicated and heavy mechanism, which they employed to feed a sheet of paper to print letter by letter and to return the apparatus at the termination of each line, that they could only be used to receive transmissions at the rate of one-fourth or one-eighth of the speed required by my system. For example, in one class of page-printers a heavy carrier for moving the paper under the typewheel step by step to the end of a line and to then return it to an initial point'a distance equal to the width of the paper sheet-had been used, and in another the type-wheel was moved in like manner across the paper against the action of a strong spring while the paper remained in a fixed position. The difficulty of moving a paper-carrier or the type-wheel itself backward at the end of each line a distance equal to the width of a wide sheet of paper is obvious. 1

In carrying out my present invention th paper may be formed into a tube, the ends of which are placed over and fastened upon suitable supports, as a hook, at each end, the type-wheel being arranged without the papercylinder, while the press mechanism is situated within.

The edges of the sheet may be lapped or not, for in either case one line may be terminated as a new one is begun, thereby ob- Serial No. 507,673. (No model.)

viating a long return movement. If the edges of the paper sheet are lapped one over the other a short distance-say, one-quarter.

or one-half an inchthe tube, as the lap comes between the type-wheel and press, is given a movement of rotation in the direction of the letter and word space feed sufficiently long to leave a blank space of'half an inch or more, thereby affording a suitable margin at both edges of the page; and the same result is accomplished where the edges are not lapped or brought together at all; but in the latter case the long step of rotation should be greater to provide ample margins.

The tube may be formed by fastening the sheet around hoops at each end, motion of rotation for the letters of a line and a movement alongits axis for succeeding lines being communicated from a suitable motor to a shaft to which one of the hoops is rigidly fixed; or, preferably, the paper sheet may be itself fed upon the smooth stationary surface of a cylinder, thus leaving the paper entirely unincumbered by heavy apparatus, or any apparatus at all, that is directly connected with the paper, which may be moved as an incident of the step-by-step operation of the sheet. In this case the two movements of the sheet would be imparted by frictional or other feeding mechanism engaging the paper itself.

A tubular form is the one which the paper most naturally assumes in the operation of feeding a sheet for the beginning of a new line where the old one is terminated; but instead of carrying the paper in the curve of a circle it could, as already indicated, be guided between the type-wheel and platen around small rollers, as an endless belt having two parallel strands.

In order to cover the vertical space on the printed page between lines, suitable provision of course must be made for feeding the blank at right angles to the letter or word space feed, or for correspondingly moving the printing devices. It is preferable to move the blank for this purpose. This feed in my invent-ion maybe made either at the end of the line or may be distributed throughout the letter and word feed'of each line. In thelatter case I provide for the vertical space-feed of the page by printing each line on a spiral the pitch or angle of which for each whole revolution of the band or tube is equal to the vertical space between lines, so that on the completion of one line the printing devices will be in about the proper position to print the beginning of the next line. This feed is readily provided by means of a screw device connected with the rotating carrier or carriers or other device which feeds the paper or blank by letter and word, thereby giving the blank a continuous movement of translation axially during its rotation. In order, however, that the lines may be straight on the printed page, the blank may be correspondingly skewed or twisted to compensate for the spiral feed. This would be done by setting or displacing the edge of the blank on which the lines end downwardly a distance equal to the pitch of the spiral, so that in effect the bottom and top -edges of the sheet would each describe a spiral corresponding to the spiral feed. As the effect of doing this with a sheet of paper formed into a tube is also to cause the side edge to describe a long spiral longitudinally of the tube, provision may be made for causing the feed mechanism to lose slightly to compensate for the slight difference in circumferential position upon the tubular blank at which the printing of each line is begun, so that the edge-space may be uniform down the whole page.

he paper tube is given a circumferential step-by-step movement by means of any suitable apparatus. Preferably I use an escapement for this purpose, so designed that the paper shall be fed short distances from one position to the next in printing a line, while there are means for giving the paper a longstep action or, more generally, a modified movement to carry the seam of the tube quickly past. the type-wheel.

Another part of my invention relates to means for controlling the paper-feed when escapement mechanism is employed. The object of this part of the invention is to permit the use of a positive driving power controlled by an escapement, but in such manner that the paper shall feed when the escapement moves in one direction only. Then an electromagnet is employed to control this mechanism, a feed takes place only when the armature moves in obedience to the pull of the magnet, no movement taking place in the paperfeed when the armature is retracted, or vice versa. The essential feature of this part of the invention consists of an anchor-escapement, which is always engaged with the escape-wheel by one or the other of its pallets, but has one of its pallets constructed to yield or give a fixed or determinate amount.

My invention relates further to improved or simplified means for giving a type-wheel having two or more rings of type a movement axially to bring diiferent rings into position for printing, and constitutes an improvement upon themeans described in my prior patent, No. 487,981, dated December 13, 1892.

My invention consists further in details of construction and combinations of parts more particularly specified in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation and partial section on the line 1 1, Figs. 2 and 3, of a form of apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 1 shows, in side and plan view, the paper-clips used in the form of apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1. Fig. 2 is an end elevation showing the escapement devices for the paper-feed and taken on the sectional line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an end. elevation taken on the cross-sectional line 3 3 of Fig. 1, the devices for adjusting the type-wheel being omitted. Fig. 4 is a crosssection on the line 4 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 shows the form which the blank sheet takes when it is given the tubular form and is at the same time twisted so that its upper and lower edges will describe a spiral around its axis of rotation. Fig. 0 shows in general side elevation the means for giving the wheel a movement of rotation, as well as an axial movement when it has several rings of type, as in my prior patent before referred to. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the parts at the point of connection of the type-wheel shaft with the non-rotating extension thereof. Fig. 7 shows in end view two of the adjusting or impelling magnets which operate on devices and followers of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 shows in perspective a modification of the invention wherein provision is made for feeding the paper tube directly. Fig. 9 showsin side elevation and partial section a portion of the ap paratus, Fig. 8. Fig. 10 showsa modificationof the press-magnet. Fig. 11 is a general diagram showing the electric connections of the apparatus.

19 indicates the tube or band of paper or other material constituting the blank upon which matter is printed character by character. The edges of the blank constituting the side edges of the printed sheet are connected together in any suitable way-as, for instance, by lapping them and clamping them down upon suitable rotating rings or carriers, or by cementing said edges together and allowing the paper to rotate by itself on a suitable support by the action of a proper frictional feeding device, as will be described further on.

The means for connecting the edge of the paper so that it may be fed continuously as a band or tube from the end of one line to the beginning of the next may be varied indefinitely without departing from my invention.

In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 I have shown a construction wherein the edges of the paper blank are kept in proper relative position by the use of proper spring-clips. (Indicated at g.) The paper is here shown as applied around carrier hoops or rings n it, upon the edges of which the spring-clips g are mounted.

g are springs applied to the heels of the clips to hold them in clamping position. g are pivots on which the clips are mounted,

and g slots in the edges of the hoops n n, where the clips are supported.

an is an exterior tube or guideway surrounding the paper tube and hoops and adapted to help hold the paperin proper cylindrical form, as well as to guide the paper both during the feed movement and in the operation of applying a fresh sheet of paper to the hoops. The tube m, as seen in the end view, is open at its top to allow space for getting at the edges of the paper in fastening it upon the hoops. The paper is rotated continuously in the same direction around the axis of the hoops between the type-wheel W and presspad 19 by suitable power applied to-one of the hoops or carriers. This is readily accomplished by mounting one of the hoops n as a wheel, the hub of which is indicated at 71. and which serves the purpose of a paper-feed wheel, since through it the paper tube is rotated continuously in the same direction, both for the letter and word spaces and for beginning a new line, and is moved axially for the purpose of covering the space between the lines.

The exterior tube on is supported at one end. by means of screws m, passing through a flange in theend of the tube and securing it to standard 0. and at the other end is supported upon a lug b, projecting from the standard b. Press-pad p is supported upon the end of the armature-lever for the pressmagnet, the latter being in turn supported within the paper tube by means of a bracket 12*. The base supporting these standards is indicated at a.

The feed of the paper both in the direction of rotation step by step around its axis and in a longitudinal direction in the direction of its axis is provided for by giving thefeed-wheel, whose hub is indicated at M, a movement of rotation around its axis and a movement of translation bodily in a direction parallel to its axis. The latter movement may be acontinuous movement distributed through the whole circle of rotation, if desired, and the mechanism shown in Fig. 1 is adapted to produce such distributed movement, thereby causing a line to be printed around the circumference of the paper tube or cylinder 19 in a spiral line.

As before intimated, in order that the line may appear straight on the blank after it is removed from the apparatus, a twist should be given to the blank in the machine, as indicated in Fig. 5, where the 'top of the blank or printed page is at the left of the figure, as suming the rotation to be clockwise, looking at the tube from the left-hand end, Fig.1, and the movement of the tube to be axially from right to left.

As will be seen on inspection of Fig. 5, the upper edge of the blank itself describes a spiral the pitch of which is approximately equal to the vertical space on the printed page between the lines. To produce this movement of rotation and of translation axially in the feed-wheel, the following devices may be employed: 4" is a fixed screw-shaft mounted at one end in a bracket 6 within the paper tube, and at the other end fixed at r in one of two standards ff. Rota-ting on the screw-shaft 1' is a hollow shaft or sleeve 6, on which the hub "17. may slide longitudinally. The shaft e, is rotated step by step as the feed of the paper tube circumferentially for letter and word spaces may require, being controlled in such rotation by proper escapement devices of any suitable character. The shaft e has a longitudinal slot e in it through which passes a pin 0, mounted upon the hub a and engaging the spiral 4" in the shaft 4". By this means the hub n works as a nut upon the screw-shaft, the effect being that as the shaft 6 rotates, thereby carrying the hub and feed wheel around, the latter, through engagement of pin 0, with the spiral in the screw-shaft, is caused to move accordingly in an axial line over the shaft, thus carrying the paper tube along in an axial direction under the type-wheel and platen. The sleeve 8 is itself supported in a bearing on the standardf-and on the shaft 4". s is any gear-wheel by which suitable power may be applied to rotate the sleeve c, the said wheels being secured to the shaft'e in any desired manner. By preference the wheel 8 and the escapement wheel or wheels r W, controlling the step-bystep movement of the shaft, are keyed together thereon as indicated in the sectional View, Fig. 1.

By rotation of the feed-wheel the tube is drawn along axially until the end of the screwshaft is reached or until the bottom of the page is reached, after which the printed paper tube maybe removed by 'unfasteningthe clips.

In order to permit the devices to be returned to normal position,the pin 011s mounted in a suitable bracket 0 on the hub n and is held down by a spring 0' in engagement with the screw-shaft. A knob 0 on the end of the pin 0 permits it to be raised out of engagement with the screw-shaft, so that the wheel may be slid back to the original position shown in the drawings, Fig. 1.

In order to permit the clips g to readily engage with the paper, the corners of the paper should be cutout as indicated by the dotted lines 10 Fig. 5.

It will be readily seen that if the paper were wrapped as a plain cylinder, so that its top and bottom edges should be in planes at right angles to the axis of the tube, then the spiral feed of'the paper under the type-wheel would cause the lines to appear inclined downwardly from the right to the left of the page; but by giving a twist to the paper, as shown in Fig. 5, so that the upper edge will describe a spiral on the cylinder equivalent to the pitch of the feed-screw, the line will across the whole sheet be at the same distance from the top edge, but nevertheless the end of the line will practically coincide with the beginning of the next line. This can be seen from the diagram, Fig. 5, where the beginning ofa line of printingis indicated at 42 and the end of the same line at 4-3, which, as will be seen, practically coincides with the beginning 44 of the next line.

As will be seen, the'side edge 27 of the blank is inclined, so that at the beginning of each line, if the margin is to be straight or of the same width, the paper tube will require to make a little less or more thanawhole revolution for each line printed, according to the direction of the spiral formed by the edge of the paper with reference to the direction of feed.

Then the paper is fed bya mechanism the controlling-wheel of which is adjusted to have an amplified step or feed movement periodically or once in each revolution for the purpose of feeding across the margin of the page, and the paper blank is applied so that its edge describes a spiral on the cylinder, I so adjust or construct the feed mechanism that it shall rotate the paper tube a little more or less than a complete rotation forone rotation of the feed-controlling wheel, in order that the beginning of the lines may also describe a spiral parallel to the edge of the paper, thus giving the uniform margin.

Vhen the feed mechanism is constructed with reference to the spiral or inclined line 27, it should be made to reach the point of enlarged or amplified feed-space at a little less than one whole revolution of the paper-cylinder.

In the modification indicated in Fig. 8, which shows the preferred form of my invention, the paper alone is made to rotate and to move longitudinally, being unattached to any hoops, rings, or carriers moving with it, as does the hook it or n of Fig. l.

G is a smooth stationary cylinder supported within an exterior cylinder 0, which is slotted at S and P, said cylinders being slotted at 1" and D for the operation of the press-pad upon the type wheel. This outer cylinder C, which, however, may be and is omitted when the edges of the paper are gummed together to form the tube, is supported by abracket b, and the interior cylinder is supported by the same bracket which carries the printing-magnet and press-pad or by other means.

In forming the tube bygumming, the paper blank is provided at its side edge with asuitable cement adapted to be softened by heat, the sheet having been applied around the inner cylinder. The outer cylinder may in this case be used, although it is of little utility. It used, the paper will beinserted by slipping its edge through slot S, the outer cylinder then serving to guide it and cause it to describe a circle around the outer circumference of C. When the edges are brought together under the slot S, they maybe gummed at two or more points at the edges and fastened by the application of a hot iron; but where an outer cylinder C is used the edges of the sheet need not be fastened at more than'one point, nor, in fact, is it absolutely necessary that they be fastened together at all. It is,

however, preferable to gum the edges at two or more points, even when an outer cylinder 0 is used.

When the outer cylinderC is employed,the paper tube formed on the cylinder 0 should have its edges lapped one upon the other in such way that the forward or advancing edge next the beginning of the lines shall be beneath the opposite edge, thereby avoiding the possibility of the edges of the paper catching against the edges of the slots in the outer cylinder. The design is in this case that the paper should rotate on the outer circumference of the tube 0, which is made smooth and polished for that purpose. The paper is fed by means of the feed-wheels B B, which engage with the paper through the slot P. \Vhether or not an outer cylinder is used the wheel B may be made to travel in the same manner as the wheel upon the hub of, Fig. 1-that is to say, it may have a gradual movement of translation bodily in an axial line as well as a movement of rotation.

By making the circumference of the wheel B slightly less than that of the tube C, it will be seen that if the escapement-wheels with which E is directly connected be constructed, as hereinafter described, to have an enlarged or amplified feed for every whole revolution, then such enlarged feed will take place at a slightly different circumferential position at the end of every line upon the paper tube, thus compensating for the long spiral 27 on the edge of the paper and securing a practically uniform margin. This slight loss in the feed forevery whole revolution of the escapement mechanism might obviously be made to take place by a proper proportioning of any portion of an intermediate gear between the escapement-wheel and the paper tube.

The general arrangement of the mechanism shown in Fig. 8 is substantially the same as that of Fig. 1, except that the ends of the shafts e and r are mounted in the standard foutside of but at the same end as the standard b. The support for the feed-wheel B may spring or yield slightly to allow the edge of the paper to be fed around beneath the wheel in applying a sheet of paper to the tube C. It will be obvious that this modification of my invention, which consists in simply feeding a paper tube upon a suitable cylinder or support by means of a feed-wheel pressing the paper tube against the support, is app1icable to constructions wherein the movement of translation of the feed-wheel B to provide for space'between lines is produced by other means than by devices which distribute the movement of translation through the letter and word spacing of the line.

The escapement devices which control the feed of the paper are preferably constructed as follows: it is an electromagnet which operates the escapement-lever, and u is the lever for the anchor-escapement, the lever carrying the armature for the magnet, so that the magnet when excited will be moved in one direction thereby. Movement in the opposite direction is produced by the retracting-spring w or other suitable device applied to the tail of the lever 4.0, which latter is mounted upon a suitable post it. The lever to is formed at its end, as shown, into a fork, at the ends of which are the pallets of the anchor-escapement engaging, respectively, with the two toothed-wheels r 1' secured to the shaft 6. Pallet u engages with teeth of wheel r and pallet n with the teeth of wheel T The latter pallet is formed as a yielding pallet. For this purpose it is properly pivoted at n on one prong of the lever u. Against the tail of the lever bears a spring uithe office of which is to move the toe of the lever backward in a direction opposite to that in which the escapement-wheel rotates. A stop u limits the movement of the pallet when it is engaged with the wheel and the latter is permitted to rotate through disengagement of the pallet u.

At a is a back-stop for the pallet.

As already explained, the wheels r r are keyed together or suitably fixed upon the shaft e or other device through which-the feed movement is communicated to the paper,

power being applied to such escapement devices through the wheel 8, also keyed to or fixed upon said shaft.

In order to provide an enlarged or amplified feed at the end of the line whereby the paper may be fed to the beginning of the next line. a blank space q is provided in the wheel 1*. The efiect of this, as will be seen from theexplanation presently to be given, is that when the pallet n has been disengaged from the tooth at the left of the space q, and by its spring has had its too moved into the blank space q, the wheel may move until the tooth at the right of the space-q engages the toe of the pallet and has moved the pallet to a distance determined by the position of the stop to. This enlarged or amplified feed-space is adjusted to be sufficient to cover the space (proceeding in the direction of the ordinary feed,) from the end of one line circumferentially to the beginning of the next line, the proper vertical space-feed being produced in any proper way.

So far as concerns that feature of my invention which relates to the use of the yielding pallet, it will be obvious that it would not be necessary to use two escapement-wheels, but that both pallets might engage with the same wheel. In order to provide for the proper operation of the pallet u when the wheel rotates to bring the blank-space q around to the side of said pallet, I provide a separate wheel or set of teeth for said pallet to engage with.

In the drawings the escapement is supposed to be in an intermediate position between its two extremes of vibration. Assuming that the lever to is movingdownward under the influence of the magnets h, which are excited as soon as an impression has been efiected,

when pallet u disengages the wheels the lat-' ter may rotate, restrained only by the pallet ta which is engaged; but as the latter yields the wheel rotates until the limit of yielding in the pallet 10 is reached by engagement of its heel with the stop-pin u, whereupon the wheels are locked front further movement. In this movement a proper feed of the paper takes place for letter or character spacings. On completion of the paper-feed movement the pallet u will be in position to lock with the next tooth of the wheel r in just the manner that it is locked in the drawings, and this it will do as soon as the magnet loses its power and the lever u is moved backward by the retractor it. In the course of this backward movement the pallet 10 will be disengaged, but no or very little movement will follow the disengagement, because before disengagement the pallet u will have engaged with the wheel r and hence no feed of the paper will now take place. When the pallet d is disengaged the spring u moves its toe back to position where it will engage with the next tooth of the wheel r as soon as the lever is moved downward slightly under the influence of the magnet, as shown in the drawings. In these operations no movement follows the disengagement of u but its amount of yielding while engaged determines the extent of movement that shall follow the release of the wheels by the pallet '00 during the letter-feed.

In the above-described anchor-escapement each tooth operates as a detent-tooth to free the escapement-wheel, but yet practically the whole movement of the latter will take place on movement of the anchor in one direction only.

When the wheels have rotated to bring the blank space (1 around opposite pallet u then the amount of movement will be greatly increased when the magnet 71. is excited, the amount being then that of the blank space q plus the amount of feed allowed after the edge of the tooth at the right of the space has engaged the yielding pallet 41. as already explained.

Type-wheel W is preferably constructed with two or more rings of type, as described in my prior patent, No. 487,981, and may be adjusted circumferentially and axially to the different positions required for printing its characters by means of various impelling devices brought into operation successively or simultaneously in proper combinations, as described in that patent and in my Patent No.

F G HIJ are armature-levers operated by corresponding adjuster-magnets numbered 1 2 3 t 5. These levers operate upon drivers and followers of any proper construction, as described in those patents, some to rotate the wheel and others to move it axially. The means shown for rotating the wheel herein are substantially those of my Patent No. 487,981; but those for producing the axial movement are somewhat modified, being simplified particularly in their manner of application to the type-wheel shaft.

ww w are the axially-moving drivers upon which the levers F G H operate, while 2' i i are the corresponding followers. Each of the drivers is provided, as shown, with a collar having a groove within which project pins extending from prongs of the impelling-levers F G H, thereby allowing rotation of each driver, as well as endwise movement. Each follower has also a groove which prevents axial movement along its journal-bearing h. The propelling-levers I J operate upon the drivers 20 111 giving them an endwise movement in line with shaft to of the type-wheel, and said drivers engage with followers 1' i which rotate parallel to the shaft of the typewheel. Each end follower w w is provided with a spline which prevents its rotation in the bearing h*. The shell i of the follower i is in direct engagement with shaft 10 forming an axial extension of the type-wheel shaft to, but incapable of rotation therewith though adapted for endwise movement or axially. It is prevented from rotation by a spline engaging in the bearing h, and is connected with the shaft to, so as not tointerfere with the rotation of the latter, but at the same time to move the latter axially in both directions by the devices indicated in Fig. 6, whereinj indicates a coupling which joins the flangesj j on the ends of the shafts w w", permitting them to rotate upon one another, but joining. them axially. The extension to is connected with the follower t by any direct coupling, such as is shown in my prior patent for imparting positive movement of rotation to the follower from an axial movement of the driver, the connection being, however, in this instance reversed, so that the movement of rotation of the follower gives the axial movement to the shaft to. This connection, as shown, comprises a pin working in a spiral slot, but might be of any other positive nature, as described in my prior patents, for giving a positive movement in both directions. The details of these devices need not be more fully described as they are explicitly set forth in myprior patent, to which reference may be made.

The several magnetsl 2 3 4 5 maybe brought into action in the proper combinations and either consecutively or simultaneously; but for illustration 1 shall herein describe them as brought into operation successively, as set forth in my Patent No. 4:82982, the magnets being controlled in their operation by a series of selecting-relays U V W X Y brought into operation when a pulse is prolonged, strengthened, or modified.

The relays, which are preferably polarized, are respectively connected to the contacts 3 5 2 l 4 of a sunflower or distributor, which is kept in operation by means of the magnets on, operating on an escapement-lever for the escape-wheel shaft a", carrying a trailer T,

working over the contacts, and are thereby connected in turn through spring :0 and hub of a with the circuit of a battery N. The magnets m are alternately energized by the main-line polarized relay R, controlling the circuit of local battery 0, as desc'ribed'in that patent, and in the circuit of said battery is a differential magnet whose two coils are in circuit, respectively, from the two contacts of the relay. The magnet S operates on the prolongation or strengthening of an impulse through one or the other of its differential coils to close the circuit of the battery N, thereby energizing the selecting-relay upon whose segment of the sunflower the trailer may be at that time resting.

If the pulses are short and follow each other in rapid succession, the current through one coil only overcomes the effect of a current through the other, and as a result the core remains unmagnetized. Vhen, however, the current in either coil is prolonged, its effect will overcome the effect of magnetism due to the other coil, and as aresult relay S is brought into action.

The several relays control the adjuster-magnets in the order indicated by the numbers of the adjuster-magnets and the sunflowercontacts, for the reason that it is desirable to first bring into action or close the circuit of that adjuster-magnet whose follower has the greater distance to move, as described in my Patent No. 487,982. The final segment 6 of the sunflower is that over which the circuit of a restoring-battery N is closed for the purpose of restoring the armature-levers of the selecting-relays to normal position.

The press 19' may be operated by a magnet or magnets brought into operation in the manner described in my Patent No. 487,082-that is to say, by a contact on the shaft a of the sunflower. This circuit-closer is adjusted to momentarily close the circuit of the pressmagnet a little before and during contact between the sunfiower-arm and contact 6that is to say, near the end of each whole revolution of the sunflower after it has completed the connections of the several contacts or segments leading to the selecting-relays.

The local battery whereby the press is operated is indicated at J in the diagram.

B is the circuit-closer contacton the shaft a", which, by means of the spring I), closes the connection for the press magnet from battery J through a spring I) resting on an insulated metal cylinder b on the shaft a, the contact B forming an extension of or being connected with said cylinder,as indicated.

In printing telegraphs the practice has usually been to operate the press-pad in one direction by electromagnetism and in the opposite direction by a spring or other suitable mechanical retractor; but for my purposes said press must be actuated with great rapidity in both directions, and it will be found desirable to replace the ordinary retractingspring by electromagnetism, the purpose being to secure a positive and extremely rapid movement of the pad, as is necessary in my improved printing-telegraph system, wherein the impressions succeed one another with great rapidity. s

Various forms and arrangements of electromagnets suitable for use in producing positive movement in both-directions will readily occur to electricians as applicable to the pressby the magnet c and the other by the magnet 0, said armatures being at opposite sides of the fulcrum 19 so that magnet 0 may serve to operate the press to cause an impression, and magnet 0 may restore the press to the normal position. Magneto being in the connection from spring Z2 as shown in the diagram is operated, as already, stated momentarilyjust before the completion of a revolution of the sunflower-arm. Magnet 0 is in the connection from the spring 1) bearing on the cylinder b, but having in its path a circuit interrupting orinsulating space, so that just before 6 closes the circuit for c the circuit for magnet 0 will be open and remain open until that of c is broken, whereupon the circuit of 0 will be immediately re-established and positively draw back the press-pad. The circuit of 0 remains established during the whole revolution of the sun flower, or until the point is reached where the magnet 0 should come into operation when the circuit of c is interrupted. It is obviously not necessary that the circuit of 0 should be closed at all times, the design being only that magnet 0 should operate to positively restore the press to normal position as soon as c has done its work.

As before described, the operation of the press might be through the action of a polarized magnet, as indicated in Fig. 10, but its action at the proper time and in the manner described in connection with magnets c 0 would be controlled by suitable devices for reversing the ourrent'in the operating-magnet at the proper times, as already explained in connection with the operation of the press by the two magnets c c.

The action of the escapement-magnet h to produce the feed after each impression can readily be controlled by closing the circuit thereof, as indicated clearly in the diagram,

through the back-stop Zfor the press-lever.

J is the battery whose circuit through it is thus closed and broken.

The operation of the escapement itself having been already described, itis not necessary to set forth the operation more in detail in conjunction with-the other devices, as its action at the termination of each impression will be apparent from what has been alreadysaid.

I wish to be distinctly understood that I do not limit myself to imparting the axial movement to the tube at any particular time during the operation of printing a page, as it will be obvious that said axial movement might be imparted asherein described by moving it axially during the operation of printing a line, so that the said movement would be distributed through the letter and word spacing or that said axial movement might be made to take place at the completion of the line and in the interval between said completion and the beginning of the printing of the next line.

My invention therefore consists, broadly, in giving said axial movement to the tube by any proper mechanism, whether the same operate, as already set forth, to distribute the movement, or whether it operate only at the end of the line and before the beginning of thene xt.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In a type printing apparatus, a blank formed as an endless band or tube in combination with means for moving the blank stepby-step in the same direction both for letter and word spaces, and by an enlarged single step across the space between the end of one line and the beginning of the next.

2. In a type printing machine, a blank returning upon itself to bring its edges together, in combination with means for feeding said blank in the direction of the letter space feed from the end of one line to the beginning of the next by a lengthened feed step.

3. In a type printing machine, a blank mounted in the machine as an en'dless'band or tube upon which the lines are printed -cir' cumferentially or in the direction of the travel of the band, in combination with step-by-step mechanism for moving the band or tube in the direction of the letter or word space feed, said mechanism having a long feed space or spaces for crossing the edge at the end of the line'to the beginning of a newline by a longer step or steps.

- 4. In a type printing machine, a paper or other blank mounted as a tube or endless band, in combination with means for feeding it in the same direction to print the lines around its circumference as well as to cross the gap from edge to edge of the blank by a lengthened feed step in order to begin a new line, and means for feeding said blank axially to cover the space between lines.

5. In a type printing machine, a paper blank formed as a tube or endless band, and a feeding mechanism rotating said blank adjusted to move byan enlarged or amplified step or steps at the end of a line.

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6. The combination with the blank, feeding always in the same direction both for letter or word spaces and for the space from the end of one line to the beginning of the next, of a feed mechanism moving the blank in the direction of letter and word spaces having an enlarged or amplified feed space adjusted, as described, to come into operation at the end of each line.

7. In a type-by-type printer, the combination with a blank mounted to feed as an endless band or tube and with an edge forming a spiral or a diagonal to the line of feed as described, of a feeding mechanism operating always in the same direction and adjusted as described to feed said band or tube more or less than a complete rotation for each complete rotation of the feed controlling wheel.

8. In a type by type printer, a blank consisting of a tube adapted to rotate upon a stationary support, and a frictional feeding device engaging directly with the surface of the paper for feeding the same step by step.

9. In a type by type printer, the combination, substantially as described, of a tubularblank, a supporting cylinder Within the same, and a frictional feed wheel engaging with the surface of the paper tube for rotating the same upon the cylinder.

10. In a type by type printer, the combination with the paper tube and the frictional feed wheel for rotating said tube step by step, of means for giving said wheel a movement of translation bodily parallel to the axis of the tube.

11. In a type by type printer, the combination with a blank formed as a tube or endless band, a fixed support therefor means for rotating the tube step by step upon its support and continuously in the same direction, as described, and means for giving said blank a movement of translation in the direction of its axis of rotation to produce the vertical space between lines.

.12. In a type-by-type printer, the combination with the blank formed as a tube or endless band, of a continuously rotating feed shaft or wheel connected with said tube, a step-by-step escapement wheel carried by said shaft, and a screw shaft with which a pin or lug rotating with the tube engages, as and for the purpose described.

13. In a type-by-type printer, the combination of a paper feed wheel, a longitudinally slotted shaft supporting the same and connected with an escapement wheel, and a screw shaft with which a pin carried by the wheel engages through the slot.

14. In a type-by-type printer, the combination with a paper feed wheel, of a screw shaft, a hollow longitudinally slotted shaft surrounding the same, and a spring actuated pin connected with the wheel and engaging the screw thread, as and for the purpose described.

15. In a type by type printer, the combination, substantially as described, of a paper feed wheel, a longitudinally slotted spindle on which said wheel slides axially, and a screw shaft with the thread of which the wheel is connected through the slot, as and for the purpose described.

16. In a type printing machine, the combination substantially as described, with a paper feed, of a forked lever to, embracing an anchor escapenient wheel, and a pivoted detent pallet mounted on one arm of said lever and provided with a spring for moving the toe of the pallet backward to meet an advancing tooth when the said pallet is moved radially away from engagement with the wheel.

17. The combination, substantially as described, with the paper feed in a type printing machine, of two toothed wheels 7 ,7 and an anchor escapement one of whose pallets is yielding, as described, the two pallets thereof engaging respectively with said wheels.

18. The combination, substantially as described, with an anchor escapement having a yielding pallet, of two toothed wheels engaged respectively by the pallets, and one provided with a blank space, as and for the purpose described.

19. The combination, substantially as described, of two toothed wheels and an escapement lever having two pallets engaging respectively with said wheels, one of said pallets being pivoted as described and provided with a spring and stop, said spring being applied to move the toe of the pallet in a direction to meet the rotation of the wheel.

20. The combination with a type printer, of two toothed wheels connected with the feeding mechanism, one of said Wheels having a blank space and an escapement lever, the pallets of which engage respectively with said wheels, as and for the purpose described.

21. In a printing telegraph, the combination of a type-wheel a press pad operated positively in both directions by an electro-magnet or magnets and means at the receiving station for energizing the said magnet or magnets in alternation first to effect an impression and then to withdraw the pad immediately and independently of the condition of the line circuit.

22. In a printing telegraph, the combination with the press mechanism, of two operating magnets, one acting to produce the impression, the other to restore the press to normal position, and means at the receiving station for energizing said magnets alternately.

23. The combination with the type wheel of a press pad, an armature lever carrying the same, two electro-magnets acting on said lever at opposite sides of its fulcrum respectively,

and a circuit controller for throwing said magnets into circuit alternately one as soon as the type-Wheel is set to position for printing and the other immediately thereafter to throw off the pad.

24.. The combination with a type wheel having two or more rings of type and capable of an axial movement as well as a movement of rotation,of one or more drivers and followers arranged in line with the axis of said wheel, said followers being capable of rotation in a plane parallel-to the plane of rotation of the type-wheel, and means for converting the rotation of the final follower directly into an end thrust to produce an axial movement of the type wheel.

25. The combination with a type wheel having two or more rings of type, of means for moving said type wheel axially consisting of two or more axially movable drivers mounted in line with the type wheel axis, and two or more corresponding rotating followers rotat ing parallel with the type wheel, the final follower being connected directly with an axial extension of the type wheel shaft incapable of rotation but adapted to move axially.

26. The combination of a type wheel having three or more rings of type, of two series of rotating drivers and followers all arranged axially in line with the said wheel, and one of said series being provided with means for imparting a movement of rotation to the type wheel while the other series is provided with means for imparting an axial movement to said wheel, as and for the purpose described.

27. The combination with the selecting relays and a sunflower or distributer for closing connection to said relays in succession, of a differentially wound controlling magnet governing the circuit through the sunflower, and a main relay having front and back contacts connected respectivelyto the differential coils.

28. The combination with the selecting relays, of a differential magnet controlling the circuit thereof, and means for-alternately closing the circuit of the differential coils by the main line pulsations.

29. The combination, substantially as described, With the selecting relays and the type wheel impelling devices controlled thereby,

of a differential magnet governing the circuits of said selecting relays, said controlling magnet being adapted, as described, to respond to a prolongation or modification in a rapid succession of currents flowing through its coils alternately.

30. The combination, substantially as described, of a type-wheel adjusted to its vari ous positions for printing by a series of impelling devices acting singly or in various combinations, a press apparatus brought into operation automatically on the completion of 7 each cycle of actions in the type-wheel adjusting apparatus, a power driven feed mechanism, an electro-magnet for releasing the same, and means for controlling said magnet to release said feed mechanism on the reverse movement of the press apparatus after each impression.

v 31. The .combination, substantially as described, in a type by type printer, of a tubular blank and a step-by-step feed therefor, a sunflower or distributer governing the position of the type-wheel, a press apparatus controlled by said sunflower, and means for releasing the feed devices on reverse movement of the press after eaehimpression.

32. The combination, substantially as described, in a type by type printer, of a paper feed mechanism, a wheel of which has an en larged or amplified feed space as described, a driving power therefor, a step-by-step feed adjusted to release the paper feed mechanism on movement in one direction only, an electro-magnet controlling said step-by-step devices, and a press governing the circuit of said electro-magnet by a back contact.

33. In a type-by-type printer, a blank formed as an endless band or tube in combination with a stationary support therefor and paper feed devices engaging directly with the surface of the paper for rotating the blank continuously in the same direction in the print ing of lines and for moving it axially to cover the space between lines.

34:. The combination, substantially as de scribed, of the paper feed devices and escapement mechanism acting to release the paper feed on movement in one direction only, an electro magnet controlling the same, a press governing the circuit of said magnet, a sunflower or distributer for the type-wheel adjusting apparatus, and means for changing the circuit of the press magnet once for each cycle of changes produced by the sunflower or distributer. I

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this. 13th day I of April, A. D. 1894:.

CHARLES L. BUOKINGHAM. Witnesses: JOHN C. SANDERS, WM. H. CAPEL. 

